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Negotiations

Articles in this section look ahead on specific negotiations or institutional reform processes that will take place in Geneva explaining key issues at stake, and the opportunities and risks involved.

Determining the course of a global pandemic treaty

Determining the course of a global pandemic treaty

2023 is a particularly critical year for pandemic rulemaking that will have consequences for decades to come. Key issues underlying pandemic treaty negotiations include inclusion, inequality, and geopolitics.

Biological Weapons Convention negotiations

Biological Weapons Convention negotiations

The Ninth Review Conference of the Biological Weapons Convention took place in difficult circumstances, yet managed to achieve modest success and laid the foundations for future steps towards strengthening this important treaty.

Can 2023 break the deadlock on lethal autonomous weapons systems?

Can 2023 break the deadlock on lethal autonomous weapons systems?

What happens when there are good proposals on the table and a desire for progress, but only ten days to negotiate an issue as complex as “lethal autonomous weapons systems”? 2023 could be a turning point.

Reforming the reform debate at the WTO

Reforming the reform debate at the WTO

All agree the WTO needs reforms - but not which. With trade at the centre of rising geopolitical tension, rebuilding a multilateral system all sides trust is vital.

Acting on the new Global Biodiversity Framework

Acting on the new Global Biodiversity Framework

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework agreed upon in December 2022 provides a roadmap to tackle biodiversity loss worldwide. Two essential conditions must be fulfilled in order to deliver the biodiversity targets by 2030: sustainable financing and cross-sectoral participation.

Walking the talk of environmental migration in 2023

Walking the talk of environmental migration in 2023

As the effects of climate change are transforming migration patterns worldwide, 2023 could be the year when more states implement solutions for environmental migration, by choice or by necessity.

Discreetly tackling climate action through Earth Diplomacy

Discreetly tackling climate action through Earth Diplomacy

The consensus-driven multilateral system cannot deliver on urgent climate action. What complementary pathways exist? A more nimble form of private diplomacy called “Earth Diplomacy” could lead the way.